• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an internal combustion engine (1) having a waste heat recovery system (10) operating, in particular, according to the organic Rankine cycle, comprising at least one compressor (11), at least one heat exchanger (12), at least one expander (13) and at least one condenser (14). wherein an output shaft (5) of the expander (13) via a at least one shaft coupling (6) comprising the drive train (2) with a crankshaft (4) of the internal combustion engine (1) is drive-connected. In order to avoid over-rotation of the expander (13) reliably and with little constructive effort, it is provided that at least one braking device (7) is arranged in the drive train (2) between the expander (13) and the internal combustion engine (1).
    公开号:AT516709A4
    申请号:T50487/2015
    申请日:2015-06-15
    公开日:2016-08-15
    发明作者:Helmut Dipl Ing Altendorfer；Gerald Dipl Ing Gradwohl；Josef Speiser
    申请人:Avl List Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to an internal combustion engine having a waste heat recovery system operating in particular according to the organic Rankine cycle, which has at least one compressor, at least one heat exchanger, at least one expander and at least one condenser, wherein an output shaft of the expander has a drive train with a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine having at least one shaft coupling is drive connectable.
    Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine, which has a waste heat recovery system operating in particular after the organic Rankine cycle, wherein a working fluid in at least one compressor, heated in at least one heat exchanger by waste heat, in particular the internal combustion engine, in at least one expander under delivery of Work on the crankshaft of the engine is expanded and cooled in at least one condenser, wherein a drive train between the expander and the internal combustion engine is interrupted by means of a preferably designed as overrunning clutch shaft coupling when the engine speed of the shaft coupling exceeds the expander side speed of the shaft coupling.
    In the prior art devices for waste heat utilization of an internal combustion engine are known with which from the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine energy can be recovered, for example by means of an organic Rankine cycle. In this case, an organic working fluid is compressed by a feed pump or by a compressor, heated in a heat exchanger by means of the waste heat of the internal combustion engine, expanded in an example designed as a turbine or piston machine working machine (expander) with release of labor and cooled in a condenser. The work machine can be connected to generate electricity with a generator or be drivingly connected to the output of mechanical drive power to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine.
    From DE 20 2013 004 907 Ul a motor vehicle with a coupling waste heat utilization arrangement is known, wherein the working machine of the cycle can be drive-connected via clutches either with an internal combustion engine or an auxiliary unit via a traction mechanism.
    Furthermore, a freewheel is arranged between the working machine and the traction mechanism.
    DE 10 2010 025 186 A1 describes a waste heat utilization device for an internal combustion engine with a heat recovery cycle having an expansion machine, in which a working medium circulates. The expansion machine is connected via an overrunning clutch to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. Such an overrunning clutch allows a drive power transmission exclusively from the expansion engine to the crankshaft. Thus, dragging of the expander by the crankshaft is avoided.
    However, in certain operating ranges, it may occur that the expander speed still exceeds the maximum allowable speed of the expander, for example when the allowable expander speed is below the allowable maximum engine speed, or even in the event of a driveline fault.
    The object of the invention is to reliably prevent overwinding of the expander and with little design effort.
    According to the invention this is achieved in that at least one braking device is arranged in the drive train between the expander and the internal combustion engine. Preferably, the braking device is arranged in the drive train between the expander and the shaft coupling.
    The braking device is designed and arranged in the drive train between the expander and the engine so that the expander can be braked by the braking device when the speed of the expander exceeds a defined critical limit speed.
    The braking device can be designed as a controllable or controllable braking device. In a particularly simple embodiment of the invention, however, it is provided that the braking device is designed as a centrifugal brake. Centrifugal brakes have the advantage that they act automatically and decelerate the corresponding applied shaft from a defined speed.
    Furthermore, it is advantageous if the shaft coupling is designed as an overrunning clutch. As a result, the drive train can be automatically interrupted by the shaft coupling as soon as the engine-side rotational speed of the shaft coupling exceeds the expander-side rotational speed of the shaft coupling.
    Centrifugal brake and overrunning clutch work completely self-sufficient, so that separate control devices and actuators can be omitted.
    The waste heat recovery system preferably operates according to the well-known Rankine organic cycle wherein an organic working fluid is compressed in at least one compressor, heated in at least one heat exchanger by waste heat from the engine, expanded in at least one expander to deliver work to the crankshaft of the engine and in at least one condenser is cooled. The drive train between the expander and the internal combustion engine is interrupted by means of the preferably designed as an overrunning clutch shaft coupling when the engine speed of the shaft coupling exceeds the expander side speed of the shaft coupling.
    According to the method according to the invention, in order to avoid an overspeed of the expander, the drive train on the expander side of the shaft coupling is braked via the braking device, preferably designed as a centrifugal brake, when the speed of the expander exceeds a defined critical limit speed.
    The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a non-limiting embodiment.
    The figure shows an internal combustion engine 1, which is connected via a drive train 2 with an expander 13 of a heat recovery system 10, which has at least one compressor 11, a heat exchanger 12 and a condenser 14 in addition to the expander 13. About the compressor 11, for example, the organic working fluid is compressed in the heat exchanger 12, the waste heat of the internal combustion engine 1, for example, from the exhaust gas supplied. In the expander, the working medium is released while releasing mechanical work and cooled in the condenser 14. The expander 13 is formed by a working machine, for example a turbine or a reciprocating piston engine. With
    Reference numeral 4 is the crankshaft, denoted by reference numeral 5, the output shaft of the expander 13. Any existing transmission or reduction gear between expander 13 and internal combustion engine 1, which can be arranged in principle in each of the three sections of the drive train (between the crankshaft and shaft coupling, between the shaft coupling and brake device and between the brake device and expander) are not shown.
    In the drive train 2 as a one-way clutch (overrunning clutch) 6a formed shaft coupling 6 is arranged. The one-way clutch 6a serves to avoid a drive of the expander 13 by the crankshaft 4 of the internal combustion engine 1. As soon as the engine-side rotational speed ni of the one-way clutch 6a is greater than the expander-side rotational speed n2 of the one-way clutch 6a, the drive train 2 is interrupted. Thus, the drive is only possible from the expander 13 to the internal combustion engine 1, but not in the opposite direction.
    Between the shaft coupling 6 and the expander 13, a braking device 7 is arranged, which is designed as an automatic centrifugal brake 7a. Once the current speed n2 of the expander 13 reaches a defined critical speed nk, the output shaft 5 of the expander 13 is decelerated by the braking device 7, so that over-rotation of the expander 13 is avoided beyond this critical speed. Below the critical speed, the brake device 7 releases the output shaft 5, so that unimpeded rotation of the expander 13 is possible.
    By the centrifugal brake, the current speed n2 of the expander 13, under all operating conditions of the engine, especially those with high engine speed such as gear change or engine braking operation, held below the critical speed nk of the expander 13. In addition, the centrifugal brake 7a acts as a safety device for the expander 13, for example, in the event that the mechanical connection in the drive train 2 between the expander 13 and the internal combustion engine 1 is interrupted (for example, in case of failure of a drive belt in the drive train).
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    An internal combustion engine (1) having a waste heat recovery system (10) operating in particular according to the organic Rankine cycle, which has at least one compressor (11), at least one heat exchanger (12), at least one expander (13) and at least one condenser (14), wherein an output shaft (5) of the expander (13) can be drive-connected to a crankshaft (4) of the internal combustion engine (1) via a drive train (2) having at least one shaft coupling (6), characterized in that in the drive train (2) between the expander (2) 13) and the internal combustion engine (1) at least one braking device (7) is arranged.
    [2]
    2. Internal combustion engine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the braking device (7) in the drive train (2) between the expander (13) and the shaft coupling (6) is arranged.
    [3]
    3. internal combustion engine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive train (2) through the shaft coupling (6) is interruptible as soon as the engine-side speed (n0 of the shaft coupling (6)) the expanderseitige speed (n2) of the shaft coupling ( 6).
    [4]
    4. internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the expander (13) by the braking device (7) can be braked when the speed (n2) of the expander (13) has a defined critical limit speed (nk) of the expander (13).
    [5]
    5. Internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the shaft coupling (6) is designed as a one-way clutch (6a).
    [6]
    6. Internal combustion engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the braking device (7) as a centrifugal brake (7a) is formed.
    [7]
    7. A method for operating an internal combustion engine (1), which in particular according to the organic Rankine cycle waste heat recovery system (10), wherein a working fluid in at least one compressor (11) compressed in at least one heat exchanger (12) by waste heat, in particular the internal combustion engine (1) is heated, expanded in at least one expander (13) while giving off work to the crankshaft (4) of the internal combustion engine (1) and cooled in at least one condenser (14), wherein a drive train (2) between the expander (13 ) and the internal combustion engine (1) by means of a preferably as one-way clutch (6a) formed shaft coupling (6) is interrupted when the engine speed (ni) of the shaft coupling (6) exceeds the expanderseitige speed (n2) of the shaft coupling (6), characterized in that the drive train (2) on the expander side of the shaft coupling (6) has a preferably as a centrifugal brake (7). formed braking device (7a) is braked when the current speed (n2) of the expander (13) exceeds a defined critical limit speed (nk) of the expander (13). 2015 06 15 Fu
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3307993A1|2018-04-18|
    EP3307993B1|2020-06-24|
    AT516709B1|2016-08-15|
    WO2016201460A1|2016-12-22|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP1243758A1|1999-12-08|2002-09-25|Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha|Drive device|DE102016219604A1|2016-10-10|2018-04-12|Mahle International Gmbh|torsional vibration dampers|DE102010025186A1|2010-06-26|2011-04-28|Daimler Ag|Waste heat recovery device for internal combustion engine of motor vehicle, has waste heat recovery circuit, in which working medium is circulated|
    WO2012025775A1|2010-08-27|2012-03-01|Renault Trucks|Engine arrangement comprising a heat recovery circuit|
    JP5761358B2|2011-09-30|2015-08-12|日産自動車株式会社|Rankine cycle|
    JP5741524B2|2011-10-19|2015-07-01|株式会社豊田自動織機|Rankine cycle|
    DE102012220893A1|2012-11-15|2014-05-15|Zf Friedrichshafen Ag|Vehicle drive, has expansion machine and rotatable drivable component drivably, permanently, switchably or time controllably connected with each other with respect to operation of drivable components|
    DE102013103829A1|2013-04-16|2014-10-16|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Recuperation system for a motor vehicle|
    DE202013004907U1|2013-05-28|2013-07-02|GM Global Technology Operations LLC |Motor vehicle with a couplable Abwärmenutzanordnung|
    DE102013009219A1|2013-05-31|2014-12-04|Man Truck & Bus Ag|Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine|DE102015224128A1|2015-12-03|2017-06-08|Robert Bosch Gmbh|A waste heat recovery system of an internal combustion engine and method for operating a waste heat recovery system of an internal combustion engine|
    法律状态:
    2017-04-15| HC| Change of the firm name or firm address|Owner name: AVL LIST GMBH, AT Effective date: 20170222 Owner name: IVECO SPA, IT Effective date: 20170222 Owner name: FPT INDUSTRIAL, IT Effective date: 20170222 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50487/2015A|AT516709B1|2015-06-15|2015-06-15|Combustion engine with a heat recovery system|ATA50487/2015A| AT516709B1|2015-06-15|2015-06-15|Combustion engine with a heat recovery system|
    EP16736766.3A| EP3307993B1|2015-06-15|2016-05-12|Internal combustion engine comprising a waste-heat recovery system|
    PCT/AT2016/050138| WO2016201460A1|2015-06-15|2016-05-12|Internal combustion engine comprising a waste-heat recovery system|
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